- Italy has ended a nearly 40-year ban on nuclear energy, planning to deploy advanced modular reactors by 2027 to enhance energy security, decarbonize industries, and potentially save $17.69 billion in decarbonization costs by 2050.
Italy’s government has enacted a new law that sets the stage for the return of nuclear energy, ending an almost 40-year ban. Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni described the move as a crucial step toward energy security and self-sufficiency.
The law grants the government a mandate to establish detailed decrees for the nuclear transition, with Energy Minister Gilberto Pichetto Fratin expecting the process to be completed by the end of 2027. Italy plans to leverage advanced modular reactors to generate sustainable energy and help decarbonize its most polluting industries.
Officials argue that advancements in nuclear technology and safety render the country’s 1987 referendum ban obsolete. The government estimates that incorporating nuclear power into Italy’s energy mix could save $17.69 billion in decarbonization costs by 2050 if it accounts for at least 11% of the total supply. The national energy and climate plan suggests this portion could rise to 22%.
The newly enacted law will outline regulations for nuclear module operations and commission scientific research on necessary technologies. Additionally, it facilitates the dismantlement of old nuclear power plants and establishes an independent authority to oversee the sector’s development.
Despite the nuclear moratorium, Italy has maintained expertise in the field. State-controlled utility Enel operates nuclear power plants in Spain, while energy giant Eni is actively investing in a U.S. project focused on nuclear fusion development.
Italy is currently in discussions with several potential investors for a state-backed nuclear initiative, including U.S. energy group Westinghouse and France’s EDF. This initiative aims to establish a new generation of nuclear power stations to support the country’s long-term energy goals.
